tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-27973034630447485302024-02-08T06:25:02.721-08:00Papers on abortionJanehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04674728184265473390noreply@blogger.comBlogger236125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2797303463044748530.post-68648878264440368712020-08-27T13:23:00.001-07:002020-08-27T13:23:03.386-07:00Assessing the Essence of Teh Eclectic Paradigm EssayViewpoints habitually featured incorporate worldwide media and broadcast communications, worldwide brands, overall creation and coordinated budgetary markets. At the bleeding edge of these wonders are Multi National Enterprises (MNEs), profiting by the opening of business sectors over the globe, and from progresses in figuring and web innovation, which make it conceivable to interface distant in worldwide systems. Thinking about these components, globalization can additionally be characterized as the way toward expanding and extending connections among people and associations over the globe, encouraged by propelling correspondences innovation and the opening of business sectors to exchange and speculation. Hypotheses of International creation have endeavored to clarify the assembly towards a globalized world, while tending to the various kinds of worldwide extensions. These speculations have concentrated on MNEs and Foreign Direct Investment (FDIs). FDI can be characterized as venture by an association in a business in another nation, with the end goal of setting up creation in the host nation. While Raymon Vernon is known for his hypothesis of Product life cycle, Stephen Hymer laid accentuation on the area and proprietorship focal points of nations, which helped in drawing in FDI from MNEs. John Dunning consolidated Internalization to the examination of Hymer, which got known as the Eclectic Paradigm (or OLI Paradigm), one of the most extensive hypothetical clarifications with explicit spotlight on FDI. Still the Eclectic Paradigm is being tested in the advanced globalized world, as it neglects to consider the ramifications of existing methods of section of MNEs, just as the upsides of Alliance Capitalism. It is being examined further in this report. Speculations of International creation have significantly encouraged the comprehension of the globalization marvel. Various scholars at various time stretches endeavored to legitimize the development of MNEs over the globe. Hymer (1970) was the first to suggest that MNEs are foundations of universal creation instead of global capital development. Still he disregarded the regular blemishes credited to exchange costs in a defective market. In todayââ¬â¢s world, with the expansion on Internet use, blemishes like bureaucratic obstacles and control of dispersion frameworks (Bain, 1956) are missing. Indeed, even the defects like value determinism and data move are contracting. Along these lines it very well may be contended that Hymerââ¬â¢s significant commitment identifying with the significance of basic market blemish in deciding FDI action doesn't hold useful for enterprises, which are extending all around through e-channels (for example). Vernon (1966) thought of the International Product Life Cycle (IPLC) hypothesis, which clarified the locational measurement of FDI. As indicated by him, creation first beginnings in the nation of origin fro neighborhood markets, and sending out is utilized to accomplish remote markets. As the item develops and creation is normalized, creation moves to less created nations to diminish work costs. The fundamental suspicion of the IPLC is that information isn't similarly and all around disseminated (Vernon, 1966). This suspicion, be that as it may, isn't pertinent in todayââ¬â¢s world, as Vernon (1979) himself concedes that there is a progressively ideal dissemination of information over the globe. He contends that organizations who are worldwide scanners follow an unexpected pattern in comparison to that of the IPL approach, on the grounds that such firms can viably filter worldwide markets for the best factor gifts. However, a great deal has been examined and said on the hypotheses of International creation, yet none of the methodologies (Hymer, Vernon, Barney) at the same time clarifies the significance of assets heterogeneity, enterprising skill, organize administration and the ascent of coalition private enterprise. Subsequently, an all-encompassing expository structure is required, that can integrate these divergent perspectives and record for the significance of area based favorable circumstances and proprietorship preferences. Such a structure was created by Dunning (1973; 1988; 1993) known as The Eclectic Paradigm. It is a structure that clarifies the development of MNEs by uniting unique hypotheses. As per Dunning, the Eclectic Paradigm is less of an elective hypothesis of International creation and to a greater degree a system that blends the fundamental and basic attributes of every primary hypothetical clarification on the development of MNEs. For over two decades the Eclectic Paradigm (EP) stays a broadly utilized general system for examining the development of MNCs and Dunning has likewise constantly updated and stretched out the EP to clarify changing aspects of MNCs. Dunning (1988) has re-expressed that the EP is strong and general enough to consolidate future advancements like recharged the attention on business and the rise of worldwide systems (Dunning, 1995). The Eclectic Paradigm clarifies that the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and development of worldwide partnerships (MNCs) is connected to the degree and nature of possession explicit favorable circumstances of the firm, the degree and nature of area bound blessings, and the degree to which markets for these focal points are best disguised by the from itself. To put it plainly, it is the design of these Ownership (O), Location (L) and Internalization (I) preferences that decides a firmââ¬â¢s global creation and development. In a fairly refreshed form, Dunning (1988) portrays the three fundamental components for universal extension: * Ownership Advantages are special serious or monopolistic points of interest, regularly created in the home market, that grant the firm to contend effectively in abroad markets. These components are of two sorts: Asset Advantages emerge from exclusive responsibility for resources ensured by auxiliary market twists, and Transactional favorable circumstances give a remarkable ability to catch an incentive from the exchange advantages of claiming a system of benefits situated in various nations. * Location factors, attached to the nearby outside market, which make creation in the host nation best. These are fixed elements, for example, less expensive work, high transportation costs, neighborhood picture or exchange obstructions, that can be joined with transferable middle of the road proprietorship advantages for create predominant items. Disguise factors, commonly identified with the business, produce value-based market disappointment in moving possession favorable circumstances to outside business sectors. This likewise clarifies the naming of the EP as the OLI setup also. The mixed model, at that point, arranged the key components of neo-traditional hypothes is â⬠area, modern association hypothesis â⬠monopolistic favorable position and disguise hypothesis â⬠value-based effectiveness. It utilized this mixed blend to create an inside predictable, convincing and testable model of the global firm and its vital procedures. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04674728184265473390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2797303463044748530.post-31057666437474736192020-08-22T12:01:00.001-07:002020-08-22T12:01:28.431-07:00Funeral Home and Social Groups, an Important Part of American Society essaysMemorial service Home and Social Groups, an Important Part of American Society expositions Social gatherings have existed all through mankind's history, and are just characterized as having at least two people who associate and relate to each other (Macionis). Social gatherings assume a critical job in our lives. They structure an essential piece of the social connections that decide human social conduct (Peter Berger Invitation to Sociology). Social gatherings can exist with in a wide and differing structure. They can comprise essentially of social gatherings that depend on social classes like sexual orientation, race, class, interests, or age. They can likewise exist inside establishments like family, law, religion, the media, training, medication, business, not-for-profit associations, expressions of the human experience, science, and callings. Social gatherings can incorporate family gatherings (in view of marriage and connection connections), work gatherings (in view of business), peer gatherings (in light of age), and even kinship gatherings (in light of sentiments of fellowship between individuals) (Peter Berger Invitation to Sociology). Gathering elements are driven by various elements. Intra- bunch points of view, for example, similarity, authority, and collective choice making assume a significant job in bunch elements. Further, between gathering points of view like social character, generalizing, and social order are significant in the connections between gatherings (Stangor). Formal associations can go about as a huge social gathering, and face their own exceptional contemplations. These gatherings are affected by the connections between associations themselves, change in the association, connections between the association and its condition, and strife inside the association. In that capacity, hierarchical conduct, whole sub order of human science and brain research has grown up around the investigation of the Present day American culture comprises of a wide number of social gatherings and associations, including school, government, family, strict, and s... <! Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04674728184265473390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2797303463044748530.post-15594578274171009872020-08-21T09:43:00.001-07:002020-08-21T09:43:18.124-07:00Important Things to Remember When Buying Research PaperImportant Things to Remember When Buying Research PaperWhen buying research paper, there are a few things that you need to be aware of. The list below will give you the information you need to be able to decide if the paper is for you.The most important thing to remember is that this is not something that you should be buying blindly and expecting to make money. There are some methods which will pay off but others will not. It is therefore important to spend some time researching your options.Going through this process will also help you to avoid purchasing something that will have a poor reputation. When looking at the key advantages and disadvantages of the various techniques, you will be able to take some things into consideration. This is important because there are many people out there who like to claim they have the best technique or item. This can lead to problems when it comes to judging the quality of the paper.When buying research paper, you need to keep in mind that a hig her quality paper is always going to cost more. This is due to the fact that it takes more time to print the paper and the printer is likely to print faster. However, the quality of the paper is also dependent on the type of paper being used and the type of printer.It is therefore important to take your time when looking at the different types of research paper. This means that it is not always right to go for the cheapest option. This is because you can get more out of a set of paper that has been well written than one that has not been written correctly.This is important because it can be an expensive method of buying the papers that you need. To keep down the costs of your research papers, it is important to only buy from trusted sites. The methods that can be used by online companies should be avoided, as they are not going to give you the best deals.If you do not believe you can get good results with a company, you can then look at other options and different methods of getting your research papers. For example, you could use a printer that will allow you to write the paper yourself. This will also save you money and you can still get a quality paper.If you are a student, one of the most important thing to remember is that if you are looking to buy research paper you need to ask for a piece of paper. This is so that you can get a rough idea of what you are going to be paying for. This way you will be able to determine the kind of paper that you can expect. It can then be decided whether or not it is really worth the cost. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04674728184265473390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2797303463044748530.post-65882802665820936822020-05-25T19:33:00.001-07:002020-05-25T19:33:05.005-07:00History of England in the 19th and Early 20th Century Free Essay Example, 1000 words Just as phase one of industrialization stumbled into self-made depression and crisis, so phase two bred its own difficulties. The years between 1873 and 1896 are known to economic historians, who have discussed them more eagerly than any other phase of nineteenth-century business conjecture, as the Great Depression. (Hobsbawm 1999). Just as phase one of industrialization stumbled into self-made depression and crisis, so phase two bred its own difficulties. The years between 1873 and 1896 are known to economic historians, who have discussed them more eagerly than any other phase of nineteenth-century business conjecture, as the Great Depression. (Hobsbawm 1999). This deceleration of the economy could be attributed to the early pioneering of new and untried technology (Hudson 2001). As according to Hudson, Britain had become the workshop of the world from which its competitors had learned through its various mistakes. As competitors grew stronger and they enter the markets of the empires and caused destabilization through price wars, the British economy had slipped into Weakening of the UK due to wars. The success of the UK in the 19th century was followed by the weakening of the empire s force due to the two World Wards that it was involved. We will write a custom essay sample on History of England in the 19th and Early 20th Century or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page They, as well as people with special skills that were greatly rewarded such as engineering, comprised the growing middle class in the UK during the 19th and early 20th century. Increased demand resulted from rising incomes particularly for the middle classes and for workers with particular skills such as engineering (Hudson 2001). Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04674728184265473390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2797303463044748530.post-69049052819682628542020-05-15T01:54:00.001-07:002020-05-15T01:54:03.517-07:00Alcoholics Should NOT Be Eligible to Receive Organ... In modern medicine, we have the ability to transplant organs from one person to another, with the hopes that this will greatly improve the length and quality of life for the patient receiving the transplant. Ten years ago, there were 53,167 people on the transplant list. By the beginning of 2015, the list increased to over 123,000 people waiting for that miracle call stating that they found a match and the transplant can now happen. One reason for the increase in people on the list is that people in the age group between 50-70 years old are now considered to be viable candidates for transplant due to medical advances. However, by December, 2014, twenty-one people were dying each day while waiting for a transplant. (Benjamin Samstein,â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦There is even a possibility of creating embryonic stem cells from the patient by cloning their own cells. (Perry) A person, who has trashed their body with alcoholism and required a transplant, should not be eligible for a second transplant if they again were abusing alcohol. Especially over a person, to no fault of their own, is battling a liver disease. In an article from the Canadian Medical Association Journal by E. Kluge, he states that ââ¬Å"people who engage in poor lifestyle choices are behaving irresponsibly and could have prevented their illness and are, in essence, increasing the need for organs and depriving people who have no control over their need of necessary treatment.â⬠(Kluge, 2004) People suffering from psychosis, dementia, Down Syndrome, malignant cancers, and continuing substance or not eligible for transplants, active alcoholics are not eligible because of their unhealthy lifestyle would only result in the failure of the new liver. Based on long term studies of alcoholism, remissions and relapses, there are factors that indicate favorable outcomes. If the patient is involved in activities to take the place of the drinking, being in a caring long-term relationship and having a positive self esteem will help with sobriety. If at least two of these factors are present, the patient is more likely to remain abstinent for three years or more. (Abhinandana Anantharaju) When a doctor is faced with whether or not toShow MoreRelated_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words à |à 1422 PagesCongress Control Number: 2006933904 Student Edition: ISBN-13: 978-0-495-11873-2 ISBN-10: 0-495-11873-7 ââ" To my nephews, Jesse and Luke Smidt, who bet I wouldnââ¬â¢t put their names in this book. R. P. ââ" To my wife, Sally, and my daughter, Anna C. O. ââ" To Carol, Allie, and Teri. J. D. ââ" About the Authors puter Teacher of the Year award in 1988 and received the Siemens Award for Advanced Placement in mathematics in 1999. Chris is a frequent contributor to the AP Statistics ElectronicRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words à |à 760 Pagesorganization is sound and the author does a superior job of presenting the structure of arguments. David M. Adams, California State Polytechnic University These examples work quite well. Their diversity, literacy, ethnic sensitivity, and relevancy should attract readers. Stanley Baronett. Jr., University of Nevada Las Vegas Far too many authors of contemporary texts in informal logic ââ¬â keeping an eye on the sorts of arguments found in books on formal logic ââ¬â forget, or underplay, how much of Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04674728184265473390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2797303463044748530.post-36129758715891054332020-05-06T15:59:00.001-07:002020-05-06T15:59:32.647-07:00Essay on Of mice and Men - 1058 Words The film ââ¬Å"Of Mice and Menâ⬠was a fantastic transformation of the Steinbeck novel that has many different intricacies that can only be viewed in a movie. Gary Sinise is the director of the movie and also plays the role of George. This movie was made in 1992, and for a fairly old movie, Sinise adapts this classic novel with great exploration of characters. I feel that the movie is at a much higher level in entertainment than the book it was derived from. Though I believe Steinbeck does an outstanding job in the novel to set the readerââ¬â¢s imagination on many aspects such as the time period, what George and Lennie look like, and how other characters interact with George and Lennie, I found that Sinise does an unbelievable job at visuallyâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦It seems to take place in the southern part of the United States, because of the increased ethnic tensions we see in the movie. For example there is Crooks, who is isolated from everyone else because of the color of his skin. Also, the clothing worn by the actors was very true to the time frame. The audience can actually feel that they are back in that time period by watching this movie. The clothing worn by Lennie and George showed that they were not well off, as were the majority of the population during the Great Depression. In the movie, the actors were very good. In scenes the audience would get emotional. An example is when Carlson shoots Candys old dog, and Candy lies down on the bed and tosses and turns in pain. In the movie, I actually felt sympathetic for Curleys wife since she seemed to always be the victim. This is something I had not felt in the book. Also, the very last scene when George shoots Lennie and then he starts to cry. In many ways the movie is very similar to the book. Right from the beginning of the movie you can see that Lennie has a mental illness, and George is taking care of him like a father. Also, you can tell that George gets impatient with Lennie numerous times and that he gets frustrated very easily. The characters speeches were very strong in language, just like the speeches were in the novel. The characters in the movie are almost exactly like their book counterparts. Lennie is very big andShow MoreRelatedOf Mice and Men1242 Words à |à 5 PagesOf Mice and Men Thomas Hobbes in his Leviathan states that, in the state of nature mans life is nasty, brutish and short. In depression era America, no greater truth could be said. There were millions unemployed, largely unskilled and living on the margins of society. The lowest of the low were the migrant labourers travelling from place to place trying to scratch a living. They often had to travel illegally by freight car with all its consequent dangers. Their life expectancy was low, crimeRead MoreOf Mice and Men961 Words à |à 4 PagesPeople have a tendency to lose sight of their goals and dreams. Mentally, people struggle to maintain their sanity in this game of life that has no set of rules. In the book Of Mice and Men, this story portrays the inequality between peopleââ¬â¢s dreams and what can actually be accomplished. John Steinbeck, the author Of Mice and Men, utilizes his general themes of friendship and loneliness, through his deep characterization and connection between characters i n order to illustrate ââ¬Å"The American dream.â⬠TheRead MoreOf Mice and Men1352 Words à |à 6 PagesOf Mice and Men Essay - Fate or Choice? Choice is defined by the ââ¬ËShorter Oxford Dictionaryââ¬â¢ as; ââ¬Å"The act of choosing; preferential determination between things proposed.â⬠It also states the definition for fate; ââ¬Å"The principle, power, or agency by which events are unalterably predetermined from eternity.â⬠Is our life choice, can we determine our fate by choosing our path or is our destiny determined for us? John Steinbeck puts forward this question in his novella Of Mice and MenRead MoreMice and men1998 Words à |à 8 PagesHey this essay is about me not having one and just wanting a free account.GCSE JOHN STEINBECK The first 200 words of this essay... à ¯Ã »Ã ¿Of Mice and Men Essay à ¢Of Mice and Menà ¢ is the fictional short novel written by John Steinbeck in 1937. Steinbeckà ¢s perspective when writing the novel could be based on the fact that he had once worked on a ranch and had a certain fascination about it. The novel is set in 1930s America and this can be seen as the cause of the very enduring culmination that takesRead MoreOf Mice and Men1006 Words à |à 5 Pagesheart of every novel.â⬠In your view, what are the distinctive ideas explored in Of Mice and Men? Explain how these ideas are developed throughout the novel. Themes are integral and fundamental aspects which render the literature valuable. They usually provide insight into the authorââ¬â¢s perception and internalisations of the world in which they live. Set in California during the Great Depression, Of Mice and Men, by Steinbeck, illustrates the hardships experienced by individuals as they roamed theRead MoreOF MICE AND MEN1721 Words à |à 7 Pagesï » ¿In the book Of Mice and Men, the single women that appeared in the book resented herself as an object. The statement Women today are more often treated by men as equals rather than objects can be true or false. A man that goes to Gentleman s Cubs every night is a different man that studies at Harvard Law School. A striper is going to be a different person than a CEO of a successful business. Itââ¬â¢s all about how you present yourself. In Of Mice and Men, Curley s wife presents herself in a seductiveRead MoreOf Mice and Men1035 Words à |à 5 PagesFriendship of George and Lenny The book Of Mice and Men focuses on the friendship of two migrant workers in California at a time when most of the work was done by people and not by machines.à à George was a small man who acted worldly and wise.à à Lennie was a huge man that had the mind of a child.à à Together George and Lennie would bounce from job to job with no money in their pockets and only the dream of someday owning a place of their own to keep them going.à à The two men were not able to stay in one placeRead MoreOf Mice and Men547 Words à |à 2 PagesJohn Steinbeckââ¬â¢s landmark novel Of Mice and Men is perhaps best known for its revolutionary telling of two characters that are very different, but have come to rely on each other to survive during the Great Depression. The two characters are men named George and Lenny. George is somewhat of an average fellow who has no real special skills or attributes. Lenny is large and abnormally strong, but unfortunately has the mind of a child. Le nnie looks up to George as if he were a role model. This statementRead MoreMice and Men822 Words à |à 4 Pagesââ¬Å"Of Mice and Menâ⬠The Great Depression took place in the United States in the 1930s. Northern California, Salinas Valley was affected by the Great Depression. Many farmers lost their properties and were forced to find other work. Banks were forced to foreclose on mortgagesââ¬â¢ and had to collect debts. Hundreds of thousands of farmers packed up their families and few belongings, and headed for California. The Great Depression left many people in poverty and caused them to face unpleasant eventsRead MoreOf Mice and Men1171 Words à |à 5 PagesOf Mice and Men by John Steinbeck Q- ââ¬Å"I never seen no piece of jail bait worse than herâ⬠what is the reader supposed to think about Curleyââ¬â¢s wife? * How is she described by the other characters? * How the author describes her * How she speaks/behaves * Her dreams * Is she the cause of all the trouble Written By Ruqayyah Draey Curleyââ¬â¢s wife is not well described and respected by the other characters. She is often looked down upon and discriminated Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04674728184265473390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2797303463044748530.post-79125344068924526552020-05-05T18:25:00.001-07:002020-05-05T18:25:14.841-07:00Importance of Leadership Questions: 1. Write about the importance of Leadership nowadays by providing the real life example such as Apple.2. Discuss about the Leadership Theories supported by journal articles. In details, discuss about the "Trait Approach", "Behavioral Approach", "Contingency Approach".3. Discuss about different types of Leadership. In details, discuss about the "Charismatic Leadership", "Transformational Leadership", and "Transactional Leadership". Answers: Leadership is the process of influencing the behavior, thoughts, and attitudes of others in the process of setting direction to help others to rise to the challenges to what lies ahead. Leaders thus see the potential in an individual, encourage, and inspire them to greater heights of their responsibilities (Belias Koustelios 2015, p. 103). A good leader should thus lead by example as poor leadership tends to degenerate to conflicts as every individual sees things differently and will tend to lean towards different solutions. Leadership is thus important as it helps everything work together for the good of both the employees and the organization (Zydziunaite, Lepaite Suominen 2013, p. 231). Leaders have the responsibility of training the staff as well as monitoring their progress and completion of responsibilities as he garners enthusiasm for the organization and brings the best out of the employees. The objectives can thus be achieved only if the employees feel supported and safe in their working environment. Leadership is thus important in the following aspects; Helps followers to fulfill their needs In the process of establishing a personal relationship with the followers, a leader helps individual in fulfilling their needs. For example, Belias and Koustelios (2015, p. 106) suggests that an individual will only be considered as a leader and will be followed by particular people if they feel the individual is beneficial to them in certain ways. For instance, the leadership of Apple Company is effective as it provides the employees with the security they need to access opportunities that will enable them earn wealth and give them the right to work. The employees of the organization hence see their leaders as people who meet such needs for them and hence they willingly accept their motivate skills that enables them to work with enthusiasm and dedication. Introduces the required changes in an organization Kereem (2016, p. 10) suggests that with the rapid change in the current business environment, organizations tend to introduce many changes in the organization so as to cope up with the ever-increasing competition. For instance, Apple Company adopts ever changing innovation skills in the mobile and technological industry. The leadership thus readily influences individuals to make relevant changes so as to be able to effectively compete with other organizations in the market. Any opposition to such changes will thus be eliminated depending on the strength and leadership ability of the organizations management. Essential for effective conflict resolution Depending on the weight of the influence of leadership, conflicts between the employees or even the employer and the employees can be solved effectively. Effective leadership in an organization thus allows the employees to express their views, understands the nature of the presented conflict and provides a timely solution thus minimizing possible adverse results that may arise due to the conflict (Zydziunaite, Lepaite Suominen 2013, p. 229). Development and training of the subordinates Effective leadership in an organization will ensure the employees are regularly given the relevant training from time to time so as to develop their performance skills in the particular areas of their performance. For instance, Vrontis and Iain (2013, P. 300) reports that the success of Coca-Cola Company is as a result of effective leadership of the organization. The leadership ensures that the employees are equipped with the relevant information on the modern working techniques such as new methods of marketing, distribution, and product advertisement. The organization has thus currently adopted technology which has seen the company maintain a record of success as one of the best soft drinks company globally. Such development steps when effectively adopted enables organizations to equip their employees to be good leaders as well. Influences the behavior of individuals Effective leadership brings the subordinates into control and motivates them to put their best effort in achieving the goals and objectives of the organization so as to achieve effective results (Belias Koustelios 2015, p. 110 and Shao 2016, p. 133). From both Apple and Coca-Cola Companies, it is evidenced that leading by example creates cohesiveness in an organization thus making the staff be more engaged with trust and respect to the leadership Question two: Theories of leadership Trait approach Trait theory believes that people are either made or born with particular qualities that support them to excel in leadership roles. Qualities such as creativity, intelligence, sense or responsibility, and self-control among other good characters contribute to good leadership qualities in an individual. As a result, trait approach focuses on the analysis of social, mental, and physical characteristics so as to gain more understanding of the combination of characteristics or traits found among leaders. However, Walker and Aritz (2016, p. 460) note that many studies tend to focus on low-level managers as other studies to do clearly explain the relation between the impact on leadership and each characteristic. Therefore, studies on the trait leadership approach tend to focus less on the context of qualities of leadership in different organizations. Behavioral approaches The behavioral leadership approach focuses on the leadership behavior as opposed to their mental, social, and physical characteristics. Here, with psychometric evolution, studies such as Belias Koustelios (2015, p. 110) and Shao (2016, p. 133) measure the cause as well as the effect of the relationship of particular human behavior from leaders. The two reviews focus on the questions such as do leadership involves dictation of what needs to be accomplished or does it involve other employees in the decision-making so as to encourage support and acceptance? The results of the review report three different types of leaders depending on their behavior i.e. autocratic, democratic, and laissez-faire leaders. On the other hand, Solaja, Idowu and James (2016, p. 100) in their study evaluate the behavioral patterns observed in successful leaders. For example, a leader who motivates the desired behaviors on employees by scolding the individuals that arrive late at work and show appreciation as well to the employees that arrive at work on time. The behavioral theory thus focuses on the behavior of a leader in the process of delegating their roles and duties within an organization (Kareem 2016, p. 10). Contingency approach According to Monzani, Ripoll, and Peir (2015, p. 449), contingency approach argues that there is no particular way of leading as every leadership style is based on particular situations. According to the theory, the environment has a great influence on the performance of leaders as some people can perform best under certain conditions and still perform worst under certain circumstances. At some point, Lili (2013, p. 420) notes that contingency theory is related to trait theory as the environment or situation in which a leader exercises their role is dependent on their human trait. The same idea is supported by Azar and Asiabar (2015, p. 4) who in their studies conclude that contingency theory thus focuses on predicting the best leadership style that can be adopted for particular circumstances. Therefore, contingency theory has no set of traits or psychological profile that has a direct link with leadership (Martin 2015, p. 235). However, it is the interaction between the individual traits and the prevailing conditions that lead to the creation of effective leadership. Fielders model of contingency leadership thus focuses on the situation and the interaction of the leadership style in relation to the authority of leadership and the structured aspects of the tasks to be achieved (Zydziunaite, Lepaite Suominen 2013, p. 237). Question Three: Different types of leaderships Leadership plays a major role in the successful performance of an organization as every organization is created with a purpose to achieve particular objectives. As a result, effective leadership is essential in ensuring the organization coordinates its activities so as to achieve the set goals and objectives. Good leadership is hence the backbone to the success of any organization as the performance of the workforce is solely dependent on direction and motivation from the leadership (Walker, Aritz 2015, p. 458). Therefore, there are different types of leadership styles that can be experienced in a workplace each of which has its advantages and disadvantages. The types of leadership styles adopted are dependent on the goals and culture of the organization as well as the task to be completed (Solaja, Idowu James 2016, p. 101). These include transactional, charismatic, transformational, participative, and autocratic types of leadership. Transactional Transactional type of leadership is where the leader allocates the task to be performed by those under him and finally give rewards or punishments based on the results of performance. The team members and the managers together set predetermined goals which the employees agree to follow under the direction of the leadership to accomplish the goals (Martin 2016, p. 335 and Tristan 2016, p. 24). On the other hand, Lili (2013, p. 442) notes that transactional manager has the power of reviewing the results as well as the training and correcting the team members or employees in case they fail to meet the set objectives and goals. The employees are given rewards such as promotions, bonuses, payment increase when they accomplish the goals. Transformational According to Arnold et al., 2015 (p. 485) transformational leadership is dependent on the high level of communication from the leadership or management on guidance and instructions of meeting the goals and objectives of the organization. Tristan (2016, p. 25) also notes that such leadership enhances efficiency and productivity by motivating employees through high visibility and communication as the style involves the management in order to meet the goals of the organization. Leaders tend to delegate smaller tasks to the team in accomplishing the goals of the organization as they focus on the big picture of the organization. Charismatic According to Kareem (2016, p. 10), charismatic type of leadership involves the creation of a powerful self-image depending on the level of his charm and persuasiveness. For example, a business leader having charismatic leadership skills can be enlisted to launch a new product line or orchestrate a turnaround. Charismatic type of leadership is thus driven by the commitment and conviction of the leader towards achieving their cause (Arnold et al., 2015, p. 453). They tend to use powerful oratory with an engaging personality as well as a unweaving commitment toward a positive change in the organization. The charisma in leadership tends to be identified during the crisis as the leaders as seen to exhibit a unique or exceptional devotion and expertise in different facets of positive change and development (Monzani, Ripoll, Peir 2015, p. 450). Participative It is also known to be the democratic leadership style where the leaders give high priority to the input of the members as he has the responsibility for final decision making. Monzani, Ripoll, and Peir (2015, p. 450) note that involving the employees in decision-making processes boosts the morale of the employees and makes them feel that their opinion also matters in the organization. In the case of the need of making changes, participative leadership enables the employees to easily accept changes as they play a role in the changes (Tristan 2016, p. 28). List of references Arnold, K, Connelly, C, Walsh, M, Martin Ginis, K 2015, 'Leadership styles, emotion regulation, and burnout',Journal Of Occupational Health Psychology, 20, 4, pp. 481-490, PsycARTICLES, EBSCOhost, viewed 13 June 2016 Azar, F, Asiabar, A 2015, 'Does leadership effectiveness correlates with leadership styles in healthcare executives of Iran University of Medical Sciences',Medical Journal Of The Islamic Republic Of Iran, 29, pp. 1-5, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 13 June 2016. Belias, D, Koustelios, A 2015, 'Leadership Style, Job Satisfaction and Organizational Culture in the Greek Banking Organization',Journal Of Management Research (09725814), 15, 2, pp. 101-110, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 13 June 2016. Kareem, J 2016, 'The Influence of Leadership in Building a Learning Organization',IUP Journal Of Organizational Behavior, 15, 1, pp. 7-18, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 13 June 2016 Lili, B 2013, 'Leadership styles of entrepreneurial women in eastern china: characteristics and differences',Social Behavior Personality: An International Journal, 41, 3, pp. 421-431, SPORTDiscus with Full Text, EBSCOhost, viewed 13 June 2016 Martin, J 2015, 'Transformational and Transactional Leadership: An Exploration of Gender, Experience, and Institution Type',Portal: Libraries The Academy, 15, 2, pp. 331-351, Library, Information Science Technology Abstracts, EBSCOhost, viewed 13 June 2016 Monzani, L, Ripoll, P, Peir, J 2015, 'The moderator role of followers personality traits in the relations between leadership styles, two types of task performance and work result satisfaction',European Journal Of Work Organizational Psychology, 24, 3, pp. 444-461 Shao, Z 2016, 'Effectiveness of top management support in enterprise systems success: a contingency perspective of fit between leadership style and system life-cycle',European Journal Of Information Systems, 25, 2, pp. 131-153, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 13 June 2016 Solaja, O, Idowu, F, James, A 2016, 'Exploring the relationship between leadership communication style, personality trait and organizational productivity',Serbian Journal Of Management, 11, 1, pp. 99-117, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 13 June 2016 Tristan, E 2016, 'HOW LEADERSHIP STYLES IMPACT EMPLOYEE SAFETY',EHS Today, 9, 5, pp. 24-27, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 13 June 2016. Vrontis, D, Iain, S 2013, The Strategic Positioning of Coca-Cola in theirGlobal Marketing Operation, Market Review Business Journal, Volume 3, pgs 289-309, retrieved from Walker, R, Aritz, J 2015, 'Women Doing Leadership: Leadership Styles and Organizational Culture',International Journal Of Business Communication, 52, 4, pp. 452-478, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 13 June 2016. Zydziunaite, V, Lepaite, D, Suominen, T 2013, 'Leadership styles in ethical dilemmas when head nurses make decisions',International Nursing Review, 60, 2, pp. 228-235, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 13 June 2016. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04674728184265473390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2797303463044748530.post-76248980246513576262020-04-11T23:32:00.001-07:002020-04-11T23:32:02.897-07:00The Movie ââ¬ÅSerpicoââ¬Â and Police Corruption Research Paper ExampleThe Movie ââ¬Å"Serpicoâ⬠and Police Corruption Paper The movie, ââ¬Å"Serpicoâ⬠, (Maas, 1973) was based on a true story about Frank Serpico, a New York police officer who wanted to expose the corruption in law enforcement and went undercover in order to reveal their criminal activity. He is offered a share of the money in which the corrupt officers share and when he refuses to take part in their activity, he is shunned by his fellow officers and they donââ¬â¢t want to work with him and he remains in danger because he chooses to be honest. Serpico understands that the other officers in his force, are likely to place him in a position that is ultimately, life threatening. Al Pacino plays the role of Frank Serpico, in this movie, who was a real life NYPD detective, (Cannan, 1997) who almost died because of his loyalty to his belief that good cops really do exist. Even when Serpico talks to his superiors in his department, he gets nowhere. Police Commissioner, White acted as if he didnââ¬â¢t care about Serpicoââ¬â¢s concerns and ignored his plea for help. We will write a custom essay sample on The Movie ââ¬Å"Serpicoâ⬠and Police Corruption specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Movie ââ¬Å"Serpicoâ⬠and Police Corruption specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Movie ââ¬Å"Serpicoâ⬠and Police Corruption specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Serpico was sure that there were as many crooked cops working in New York City, as there were criminals. He remains loyal, throughout the movie, to his strong belief that police officers should be trustworthy, even though it places his own life in imminent danger. When Commissioner White doesnââ¬â¢t help, Serpico took his plea to a New York Times editor. With the scandal being talked about causes the mayor of New York City to conduct an intense investigation; The Knapp Commission, into Frank Serpicoââ¬â¢s bold claims. Frank Serpico became a police officer in 1960 when he had faith in law enforcement and thought that criminals were arrested with traditional methods without using excessive force while arresting them. Seeing all the corruption, Serpico wanted to refrain from joining in one the corruption and asks another officer, by the name of Bob Blair, whom he trusts, to help him in his battle against criminal activity within the New York City police force. Eventually, Serpico went to court, in order to expose the corrupt officers who had tried for so long to bring him down. He testified to the fact that he had witnessed the corruption with his own eyes. The definition of corruption is described as ââ¬Å"forbidden acts involving misuse of office for gain.â⬠(Trautman, 1997) Author, Jack Gattanella tells us about the movie, ââ¬Å"Serpico. ââ¬Å" He says, ââ¬Å"The real powerhouse performance by Pacino, thirty years down the line, still one of his finest.â⬠Al Pacino was perfect for the role of Frank Serpico. Pacino depicted Serpico as an honest and good natured cop who only wanted to do the right thing while exposing those officers who werenââ¬â¢t. Global standards to combat corruption in police forces and services, (Interpol, 2007) have a duty to ensure honesty and ethical behavior and should use force in normal boundaries, in police departments. Frank Serpico (U.S. News, 2007) states that, ââ¬Å"Frank Serpico, the former New York City cop who became a symbol for police honesty, lashed out at societyââ¬â¢s leaders.â⬠Serpico continues to hold strong to his faith that society can be led by honest individuals who hold police positions. From the very beginning of the story, where Al Pacino is slumped over in his car seat and dripping blood on his car seat, on his way to the hospital to get treatment for his injuries from being shot, the movie is shown as flashbacks in Serpicoââ¬â¢s mind as he thinks about his days of being an honest cop, until the end of the story where he is testifying against the corrupt officers who tried to kill him. Police corruption still remains in our society as we read in Daniel J. Shanahanââ¬â¢s book, ââ¬Å"Badges, Bullets and Barsâ⬠. (Shanahan, 2006) We learn a firsthand account of police disloyalty on the force as Shanahan tells us about some of his own experiences while being a cop. Frank Serpico was very courageous in his fight to show human decency and honesty in this movie. He left behind guidelines for all officers who work in law enforcement and will always be remembered as an early display of the way cops are supposed to perform in their duties. In todayââ¬â¢s society, there still remains corruption in law enforcement but we still do have loyal officers just like Frank Serpico who are truly dedicated to their careers and work toward upholding the proper standards of the law and not getting involved in pocketing money that doesnââ¬â¢t belong to them, while performing acts that are of criminal nature. ââ¬Å"Serpicoâ⬠proved to be both educational and enlightening about the corruption in New York City police forces. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04674728184265473390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2797303463044748530.post-67848953232806148482020-03-10T13:41:00.001-07:002020-03-10T13:41:03.370-07:00Grant Writing Courses You Can Take OnlineGrant Writing Courses You Can Take Online Grant writers connect people and groups seeking funding with funding sources. They work in a wide range of settings including nonprofit organizations, educational institutions, local governments, and businesses. If youre interested in a career in grant writing, consider developing your skills through an online program. Grant writing is the process of completing applications for financial grants, which are non-repayable funds provided by organizations such as government departments, corporations, and foundations. Before choosing an online grant writing program, assess your finances, available time, and career goals. Are you looking to earn a certificate or degree in grant writing as a step towards a future career, or are you mid-career and seeking to improve your grant writing skills? Once youve answered these questions, you can easily determine which program is best for you. Free Online Grant Writing Resources You can find plenty of grant writing tips, general information, and even a few classes online for free. These resources rarely offer official certification, credit, or continuing education units. However, if youre good at independent learning or are simply looking to beef up your existing skills, the following options might work well for you. Coursera Coursera is home to a grant proposal course created by the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology. The course carries a fee if you wish to have graded assignments and earn a course certificate, but you can audit all of the course videos for free. MIT Open CourseWare The Massachusetts Institute of Technology provides a wide range of classes for free through MIT OpenCourseWare. The institutes graduate level Advanced Writing Seminar covers much more than grant writing, but youll find some excellent lessons on grants as well as writing and presentation tips that can improve your grant writing skills. Minnesota Council on Foundations The Minnesota Council on Foundations guide, Writing a Successful Grant Proposal, provides an overview of the key elements of a successful grant application. Nonprofitready.org If youre working for a nonprofit, nonprofitready.org offers two free online courses: Getting Foundation Grants and Grantsmanship Essentials. Youll need to create a free account to take these courses. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency The United States Environmental Protection Agencys EPA Grants 101 Tutorial walks you through four steps of the grant application process. While the tutorial is focused on applying for EPA grants, the advice is useful for many other types of grant proposals. Online Grant Writing Classes You can find many reasonably-priced options for online grant writing courses. Below, youll find some examples of these courses, along with course descriptions and costs. University of Georgia The University of Georgia Center for Continuing Education offers two courses: an introductory-level course called A to Z Grant Writing, and a higher-level course called Advanced Grant Proposal Writing. Each course provides 24 hours of instruction for a cost of $159. The classes are offered on the ed2go.com platform. Udemy Udemy delivers over a dozen courses on different aspects of grant writing. Options range from introductions to the grant writing process to more specialized classes on nonprofits and NIH grants. Courses are broken down into short lectures, and total course time ranges from 45 minutes to 5.5 hours. Each course costs $10.99. University of Wisconsin The University of Wisconsin Milwaukee offers an Introduction to Grant Writing course for $150. The course covers fundraising strategies and explores the six stages of grant writing. The class carries .5 continuing education units. Online Grant Writing Certificate Programs Many colleges offer online grant writing certificate programs. Costs vary, with typical prices ranging from a few hundred dollars to about $1,500. The required time commitment also varies significantly across courses. These large variations in cost and time commitment reveal one of the problems with certificate programs: they tend to not be accredited programs, and some of the certificates merely represent that you paid for a program and made an attempt at completing the instruction modules. When choosing a program, look carefully at the curriculum and the depth of the instruction to ensure that the course is worth the investment. Start your research with this list of examples: University of South Carolina USCs Grant Writing Certificate Program involves thirty hours of classes covering four courses: Introduction to Grant Writing, Needs Based Assessment, Intermediate Grant Writing, and Program Development and Evaluation. Both online and classroom options are available for a fee of $1,322. Arizona State University Arizona State University offers two levels of grant writing certificates: Grant Development- State and Foundation Proposal Certificate for $999; and Advanced Grant Development- Federal Proposal Certificate for $1,175. The courses take six weeks, and students can expect to spend 12 to 15 hours a week on coursework. University of Colorado at Colorado Springs UCCS offers an intensive credit-bearing certificate program, Graduate Certificate in Grant Writing, Management, and Program Evaluation. To apply for the program, students must hold a bachelors degree. Completion of the certificate requires a grade of B- or better in four courses: Evaluation, Grant Writing, Grant Management, and an elective. Both classroom and online options are available. University of Central Florida The University of Central Floridas Division of Continuing Education, in partnership with ed2go, offers a non-credit Certificate in Grant Writing and Nonprofit Management. The program includes four courses: Introduction to Nonprofit Management, Marketing Your Nonprofit, Writing Effective Grant Proposals, and Advanced Grant Proposal Writing. The cost is $465. Fort Hays State University Fort Hays State University offers an Eight-Week University Grant Writing Certification Program for $175. The class meets online for two months. Participants must receive a score of 70% or higher on the final exam to earn a certificate. Southern Methodist University Southern Methodist University offers a Grant Research and Writing Certificate Program through WorldEducation.net. This is a more thorough (and more expensive program) than many others with 150 hours of instruction at a cost of $2,995. To earn a certificate, students must complete five courses: Introduction to Grant Research, Introduction to Grant Writing, Specialized Techniques for Grant Writing, Technical Writing, and Advanced Grant Writing. The program can typically be completed in six months. Online Grant Writing Degree Programs Grant writing is generally not offered as a college major, so you wont find many degree programs focused solely on grant writing. Instead, grant writers tend to major in writing-focused fields such as English, marketing, or communication studies. That coursework is then supplemented with specialized coursework, a certificate program, or internship experience focused on grant writing. One exception, however, is the MA in Grant Writing, Management and Evaluation program offered at Concordia University Chicago. Concordias program takes an multidisciplinary approach to grant writing that includes collaboration with your student cohort and partnering with organizations relevant to your professional goals. The program is 100% online, requires 30 credit hours of coursework, and can be completed in 20 months. The cost is over $13,000, but unlike many graduate programs, financial aid is available. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04674728184265473390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2797303463044748530.post-20823313254663578342020-02-23T04:07:00.001-08:002020-02-23T04:07:02.671-08:00Small Business Strategies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 wordsSmall Business Strategies - Essay Example In recent years, truck foods have tremendously grown. This tremendous resurgence had been fueled various factors including technological advancements in the food production industry, post-recessionary factors among others. Technology has taken part in a significant role in the development of truck food industry. The manufacturers of food production equipment have effectively managed to develop equipment that are effective in terms their mobility, reliability as well as environmental friendliness. In most cases, food truck businesses are sole proprietorship businesses. In this form of business, the business is owned by one person. The most important feature of this form of business and in particular to a truck food business the regulations do not make any peculiarity between the business and the sole proprietor. Virtually, all government regulations that are associated the owner covers the business. Food trucks are a question to the same choice of concern just like other food service business. Most they have a fixed address to receive deliveries of supplies. In other cases, a commercial kitchen may be required for the preparation of food. There are various forms of permits and licenses that may be required for a food truck business to be operational. Additionally, the business may require certification from the public health departments to ensure that the health code is observed. Although the legal requirements and definition for food truck businesses may vary depending on the location some typical elements include business as well as liability insurance, a commercial vehicle operator registration of the truck, a work permit for the area in which the business will be operated, food handler certificate, the necessary driver licenses for the truck driver among other requirements (Weber 139). After acquiring the necessary legal requirements, starting a truck food business is just like any other form of business. Apparently, the Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04674728184265473390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2797303463044748530.post-71250779771398414792020-02-06T20:52:00.001-08:002020-02-06T20:52:03.172-08:00Analyse a Brand Community of Your Choice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 wordsAnalyse a Brand Community of Your Choice - Essay Example Brand communities are termed as very complex and its members are often known to relate their personal identity with a brand community. Customer expectations and wants are largely characteristics of these brand communities (Wiegandt, 2009, p.15). The present study would try to analyse the aspect of brand communities and particularly the brand community of Apple. The choice of product assumes significance as it is one of the most renowned brands of the globe and has a high brand image and popularity. Brand Community Brand communities have several characteristic features with the most prominent being the aspect of awareness of a particular type. This includes the aspect of sharing a set of common faith and beliefs among the members of the group within the group i.e., homogenous within the group and heterogeneous outside the group (Ratneshwar & Mick, 2005, p.256).The discussions in brand communities normally involves discussion about the various aspects of only a particular brand. One of the online brand communities of Apple includes only aspects that are related to the brand. This includes advertisements and information about new products and company news. These do not contain any information about any brand other than Apple. The views and comments of the members are also essentially concentrated around the same aspect. This essentially is in tune with the aspect of homogeneity between the group members and heterogeneous with other groups. In this case the identity of the group members is masked by the identity of the brand and aspects relating to the brand assume greater importance (Schau & Muniz, 2002). Parsons & Maclaran (2009), state that one of the essential aspects and characteristic features of brand communities involve the instance of consumption based on collective traits. The example of the Apple brand and community is a very realistic example of this aspect. In the Apple community emphasis is only given on the common interests of the members of the bran d which in this case is the love and interest about Appleââ¬â¢s products and services as well as other relevant information that is related to the brand as a whole (Parsons & Maclaran, 2009, p.94). The aspect of ethical marketing is also closely linked with the brand communities. The importance of ethics in marketing activities has been rigorously researched in various academic and professional circles. The main goal of marketing activities is to increase the market share and marketers are known to use various means to do so. The era of competition has also increased the use of unethical aspects. Brand communities are an easy target for marketers considering their affinity towards a brand. However, ethical aspects need to be included so that the loyalty is maintained with the members of the community (Carrigan, Marinova & Szmigin, 2005, p.481-486). Appleââ¬â¢s marketing strategy is largely based on focussing upon the product and innovation associated with the products. The com pany does not try to go into sentimental issues and largely focuses on the product while promoting it in the market. These aspects go well with the communities of the brand that helps generate advantage for the organization. Brand communities Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04674728184265473390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2797303463044748530.post-77291483796854124502020-01-29T00:47:00.001-08:002020-01-29T00:47:03.759-08:00Rizals life and works Essay Example for Free Rizals life and works Essay Dr. Josà © Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonzo Realonda (June 19, 1861- December 30, 1896) He was an award winning poet, and brilliant critic of the Spanish historical accounts of the societies in his native pre-colonial Philippines. Full of intelligence and humility, Rizal gained the respect and admiration of prominent men from around the world. Yet, more importantly, Rizalââ¬â¢s love for his nation and his fellow men led him to spark a revolution that uplifted the welfare of so many. An outstanding academic, he originally planned on studying land surveying, but when his mother began to go blind, he decided to study medicine. Unable to continue his education at Manilaââ¬â¢s University of Santo Tomas due to discrimination because he was a native, Rizal traveled to Spain to study at the Universidad Central de Madrid. Before the age of 25, Rizal had traveled to Paris to earn a second doctorate, and then to Germany, where he completed his eye specialization and was inducted as a member of the Berlin Ethnological and Anthropological Societies. A master in 22 languages, Rizal used his intellectual and writing talents to write about the Spanish Colonial elite and the atrocities committed towards the natives by the Friars in the name of the Church. He translated and published his writings in many languages. However, this meant Rizal faced strong public opposition from elites in many countries who wanted to protect their interests in colonialism. Rizal returned to the Philippines in 1892 and formed a civic movement called ââ¬Å"La Liga Filipina.â⬠His goal was to unite Filipinos for protection from violence and injustice and to fight for change through peaceful and legal means. Rizal was declared an enemy of the state and his organization was disbanded by the Spanish governor. ââ¬Å"â⬠¦our liberty will (not) be secured at the swordââ¬â¢s pointâ⬠¦we must secure it by making ourselves worthy of it. And when a people reaches that height God will provide a weapon, the idols will be shattered, tyranny will crumble like a house of cards and liberty will shine out like the first dawnâ⬠ââ¬â Josà © Rizal Even when the infamous General Baleriano Weyler (who developed harsh tactics and cruel concentration camps for the natives in Cuba a few years earlier) was transferred to the Philippines to suppress the native organizing, Josà © Rizal continued speaking out and leading tenants against the injustices oppressing them, including ever-increasing rents, evictions, and the farm destruction ordered by the General. Recognized years later by Ghandi as a forefunner in the cause of freedom, Rizal never onceà backed down from his beliefs that his people needed proper representation, strong education, better protection and a better government. Yet, his undaunted courage and determination to improve the welfare of Filipinos was feared by his enemies. They quickly deported him as a rebel. Where many would give up or become discouraged, Rizal used those four years of exile to build a school, a hospital and water dam and supply system that were considered engineering marvels. His sincerity and friendliness won the trust and confidence of everyone, even his prison guards. Shortly after his return, the Philippines began a full-blown revolution. In order to disassociate with the violent uprising, which he felt would not be enough to change the minds of the wealthy Filipinos, Rizal volunteered to go serve victims of yellow fever in Cuba. He was arrested en route to Cuba and sent to prison. A prime example of his character is seen in his return voyage. The guards refused to chain him or touch him because he was known for his honesty. Rizal never took advantage of opportunities to escape. Upon his return, Josà © Rizal was charged with sedition, conspiracy and rebellion and sentenced to death. Without a chance to challenge the charges, Rizal was executed by a firing squad, and buried secretly and without a casket in unholy ground. A monument now stands in the place where he was killed. The inscription reads, ââ¬Å"I want to show to those who deprive people the right to love of country, that when we know how to sacrifice ourselves for our duties and convictions, death does not matter if one dies for those one loves ââ¬â for his country and for others dear to him.â⬠His life and death was a catalyst that sparked the revolution against Spain and six years later would change the long-held view of the U.S. government that the Filipinos were too barbaric to govern themselves. The U.S. passed a bill in support of a Democratic government in the Philippines after hearing one of his poems read in congress. ââ¬Å"I die without seeing the dawn brighten over my native land. You who have it to see, welcome it and forget not those who have fallen during the night!â⬠ââ¬â Josà © Rizal Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04674728184265473390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2797303463044748530.post-87811578722284502322020-01-20T21:09:00.001-08:002020-01-20T21:09:03.034-08:00Bullying: A Force That Must Be Stopped Essay -- ViolenceBullies are looked upon as vestibules of unhealthy tendencies while also harboring deep seeded emotions including anger and hatred. Feelings of anger and hatred can force a person down a path of darkness that only leads one way; into the pit of self-destruction. In present times, these destructive acts can cause a child to become a relic of pain and sullenness; all of these emotions create a bully. ââ¬Å"Bullying is commonly defined as a specific type of aggressive behavior that involves intent to cause harm, occurs repeatedly, and involves a power imbalance.â⬠(Hunt, Peters, and Rapee 156) This aggressive behavior has been constantly studied over the past ten years due to an increase in abnormal tendencies in children and teenagers. Three different categories of bullying exist, ââ¬Å"â⬠¦direct physical bullying, direct verbal bullying, and indirect bullying in which the person or group of persons doing the bullying is not necessarily identified.â⬠(Hunt, Peters, and Rapee 156) All three of these menaces need to be put at halt as much as possible, for if they are allowed to run amuck all that will be produced is chaos. The responsibility of stopping a bully falls upon the teachers and staff members who are charged with ensuring the safety and security of students, and the only possible strategy to stop bullying is to ensure these people are always attentive and aware of their studentââ¬â¢s life in the school environment. Easily one the most noticeable type of bullying that exists is the direct and physical approach. More often than not, a bully will physically approach the victim on a daily basis; whether it occurs in the hall, the lunchroom, or after hours. Interestingly enough, an instance of bullying is almost never reported to a teacher or s... ...ayground: Changes Associated With Universal Intervention, Retaliation Beliefs, And Supportive Friends." School Psychology Review 39.4 (2010): 536-551. Academic Search Premier. Web. Mior, AJ. "Do Anti Bullying Programs Work?." Ezine Articles. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Apr. 2012. . O'Brennan, Lindsey M., Catherine P. Bradshaw, and Anne L. Sawyer. "Examining Developmental Differences In The Social-Emotional Problems Among Frequent Bullies, Victims, And Bully/Victims." Psychology In The Schools 46.2 (2009): 100-115. Academic Search Premier. Web. 17 Apr. 2012. Stop Bullying. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, n.d. Web. 17 Mar. 2012. . Utterly Global. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Mar. 2012. . Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04674728184265473390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2797303463044748530.post-54573264389153684362020-01-12T17:33:00.001-08:002020-01-12T17:33:03.039-08:00Safety and qualityI believe that there are positive and negative consequences in the safety and quality affecting the delivery of healthcare today. For example, in the past patients used to be on prolonged bed rest following surgical procedures thus the promotion of atelectasis, pneumonia, thrombus formation and so onâ⬠¦ Positively, the safety and quality has evolved by enforcing patients to ambulate early, use tri-flows, apply ted hose and sequential compression devices have eliminated the amount of these post operative complications. Also advanced technological inventions, such as laparoscopy, have lessened the extensive hospital stays. According to Dr. Porter-Oââ¬â¢Grady, ââ¬Å"Thirty years ago today when somebody entered the health care system for surgery, 86% of the times, they were inpatient. Today, 83% of the people who come through the health care system are outpatients. â⬠However, negatively, after several procedures patients are sent home in a matter of hours and many of these patients wind up in emergency rooms. This was my experience last month, after a diagnostic laparoscopy. At the hospital I felt fine. After a couple of hours when the anesthesia wore off at home, I was in an incredible amount of pain, had urinary retention, and to this day my voice after being intubated is not the same. The staff was professional and comforting but I was disappointed that no one told me about these potential adverse effects. Also, many patients who have cesarean sections and are discharged after 2 to 3 days visit the OB/GYN triage with wound infection, wound dehiscence, and other complications. We are steered by such strict guidelines placed upon us by insurances and Medicaid that we do not have adequate time to monitor the patients for side effects from the procedures and I believe this is a negative impact on the nursing practice. It has become a prominent concern on OB/GYN triage, due to insurance and Medicaid does not pay for re-admits, thus meaning the unit is losing money when it is bombarded with these patients. We need to remember as nurses patients expect us to be proficient and will advocate for them. ââ¬Å"We need to hold on the fact that nurses have been leaders in the health care and society, and that is something we need to act on and emulate and leave for the next generation. â⬠(Mason, 2005) This issue does affect our job because the patientsââ¬â¢ experience will be negative if they assume that they are receiving insufficient care. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04674728184265473390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2797303463044748530.post-11238260113692853282020-01-04T13:57:00.001-08:002020-01-04T13:57:03.276-08:00The Effects that Social Psychology Has on Ourselves The term ââ¬Ënature versus nurtureââ¬â¢ is a widely discussed phenomenon in modern day psychology. It refers to the debate of whether human behavior is attributed more to inherited traits or to environmental influences. When psychologists discuss environment, they can include a physical place, cultural practices, or just the people one surrounds themselves with in social settings. Social psychology discusses how people influence othersââ¬â¢ behaviors, actions and beliefs (Lilienfeld, S; Lynn, S; Namy, L; Woolf, N, 2014, pg 496). Our environment, or more specifically the people around us, can influence us to act in atypical ways without our realizing it. Because humans are a social species, we are affected by our society and have a natural tendency to conform to the behaviors of people around us (Lilienfeld et al, 2014, page 503). Research has showed that we tend to believe that others are susceptible to social influence, but that we are immune to this same pressure (Lilienfe ld et al, 2014, pg 496). This idea has been proven false time and time again, and we see the contrary results when we look at social attribution error. Social attribution theory is when we tend to overlook the impact of environmental influences on a person and instead blame their behavior on their personality, beliefs and intelligence (Lilienfeld et al, 2014, pg 501). For example, consider a person waiting in a long Starbucks line at seven in the morning. When the cashier takes your order, she avoids eye contactShow MoreRelated The Interrelationship among Self, Others, and Environment1177 Words à |à 5 Pagesor environment? Questions such as this form the foundation of social psychology, a field with the primary focus being the systematic study of human cognition, emotion, and actions. Social psychologists seek to understand the way human beings develop thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, as well as, the effect our environment, mainly our interactions with others, has on the format ion of these very things. We can divide social psychology into three main categories: self, others, and environment. EachRead MoreClinging to First Impressions Essay1700 Words à |à 7 Pagesevery time you see them after that. Interplay also mentions that impressions can be wrong about someone but instead of trying to fix it, we still tend to cling to it. One of the reasons for developing an impression is the halo effect. Interplay states, the halo effect is when someone uses one positive characteristic to develop an overall impression of them. Flora mentions that only a short amount of time is necessary to make an impression on someone. Interplay states that attractiveness is oneRead MoreThe Principle of Persuasion Essay1308 Words à |à 6 PagesAccording to the text , Social Psychology, ââ¬Å"social psychology is the scientific study of how people think about, influence, and relate to one anotherâ⬠(pg. 4) this is viewed in a variety of social topics incorporating group behaviors, attitudes, conformity, obedience to authority, stereotypes and peer pressure. Outside factors can have a positive or negative affect our view of ourselves and each other. These outside factors are used to persuade and influence group behavior. Persuasion is definedRead MoreBased Stress Reduction And Behavioral Therapy Course Essay1253 Words à | à 6 Pagesorganized, but the organization of behavior is merely derivative; the structure of behavior stands to mental structure as an effect stands to its cause.â⬠(Fodor, 1983, p. 2). In the context of behavior and mental structure, human development can be viewed from two major angles, namely evolutionary psychology or the historical change of humans by natural selection, and individual psychology or the psychological/personality development and maturation of each individual person. All modern behavioral therapiesRead MoreSocial Psychology Current Events1003 Words à |à 5 PagesChristen See Social Psychology: The Economic Recession According to the financial definition, a recession is a significant decline in activity spread across the economy, lasting longer than a few months. It is visible in industrial production, employment, real income, and wholesale-retail trade. The technical indicator of a recession is two consecutive quarters of negative economic growth as measured by a countrys GDP. (Dictionary.com) A less official and more realistic definition of an economicRead MoreMedia Images Influence On Adolescent Girls Self Concept Essay1094 Words à |à 5 Pagesinfluence on Adolescent Girlsââ¬â¢ self-concept, explores forms of media, more specifically magazines directed at teen girls, that effect young girlsââ¬â¢ self -concept. Milkie demonstrates how our self-concepts are impacted by what we perceive others think of us and how we use the ââ¬Å"third-person effectâ⬠in where we underestimate how much influence the media actually has on ourselves compared to others (54). Some of the major points of the article are the research methods and findings. Using a subsample ofRead MorePersonal Reflection In Psychology900 Words à |à 4 PagesPsychology is the ââ¬Å"systematic, objective study of our mental activity and our behaviorâ⬠(Grison, Heatherton, Gazzaniga, 2017, p. 5). In order to fully comprehend ourselves, we need to understand the reasons for our behaviors and if the behaviors are healthy. Habits and behaviors have positive and negative effects in our life and health. When we know ourselves and learn about our unique personality, we can develop as confident individuals and pursue endeavors and goals. Psychology also enables usRead MoreSubtypes Of Internet Addiction762 Words à |à 4 PagesIn the previous decade, the growth rate of internet addiction is increasing all over the world (Goel.D, et.al, 2013). In the urban India there were almost 5 million active users of internet present as per 2000 stats but now as per 2008 it has been increased to 42 million acti ve users of internet. Adolescents are more likely to be vulnerable to internet addiction as compared to any other sections of the society. This is because of the leisure and liberty children are exposed to these days. There areRead MorePrejudice And Stereotyping : A Social Psychological Perspective1160 Words à |à 5 Pages Prejudice Stereotyping: A social psychological perspective The ability and desire to relate to someone or compete with others, is a fundamental norm and a common aspect in everyday life. The notion to discern ââ¬Ëusââ¬â¢ from ââ¬Ëthemââ¬â¢ is a way we make inferences of the people we meet and engage with. These everyday inferences affect the way we think, use, and interpret information which guide us to behaviors and beliefs. We use prejudice, stereotypes and discrimination all too often andRead MoreEssay on Social Psychology527 Words à |à 3 PagesSocial Psychology Social psychology is the study of the individual and the way they behave according to those around them. Social psychology affects nearly every aspect of our everyday lives such as the way in which we form, develop and maintain our relationships with people ranging from our parents to our friends, family and co workers. There has been much research into social psychology, Such as the factors that contribute to the formation of a relationship. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04674728184265473390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2797303463044748530.post-13153497296572226562019-12-27T10:22:00.001-08:002019-12-27T10:22:04.434-08:00Essay on The Cure for Breast Cancer - 1614 Words Researchers and doctors have tried for many years to find the perfect cure for breast cancer, but with each year that passes new symptoms and more problems seem to arise. Breast cancer seems is most common in women, but there have been some cases where the cancer has affected men. There have been years of research spent on trying to find the final answer to all the damage that cancer has caused and on top of that there have been multiple organizations collecting data and research in hopes of one day finally curing this horrendous disease. One of the major organizations helping to calculate data in breast cancer research and contributing to a proven cure is the (SEER) or National Cancer Instituteââ¬â¢s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Endâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦There are 1 million new cases in the world each year and breast cancer is the commonest malignancy in women that comprises 18% of all female cancers (McPherson, et al., 2000). This is more than enough proof that there should be a variety of symptoms that show women getting the disease. Every year that passes it seems like there is more and more technology being developed to help women find a way to overcome the disease, but it also seems like the disease tends to have a mind of its own. Itââ¬â¢s amazing that all the money being contributed to research and all the known epidemiology still results in a fair amount of deaths each year. The best way to handle breast cancer is to know a few of the common risk factors and prepare to make minor changes in everyday life that way the patient will be protected from this disease that has claimed so many lives. The most important risk factor seems to involve age because age at menarche, age at menopause, and age at first full pregnancy all are important factors contributing to a woman who would get breast cancer (Grunfeld, et al., 2002). Approximately 20 ââ¬â 30% of women delay for 12 weeks orShow MoreRelatedCommemorative Speech Susan G Ko men1112 Words à |à 5 PagesIt is estimated that 39,511 women and 410 men will die of breast cancer this year alone. There will be 229,160 new cases of breast cancer in men and women this year. Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death for women. My great grandmother who I look up to and is the strongest person I know, is a two time Breast cancer survivor and she believes that the organization Susan G Komen has made a huge impact on breast cancer in women. In this speech I want to pay tribute to and recognize all theRead MoreBreast Cancer : The Second Leading Cause Of Death1244 Words à |à 5 PagesBREAST CANCER EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in women. Breast Cancer was first discovered more than 3,500 years ago, surgery was an available option is the mid-19th century. Many procedures were available in the 1990ââ¬â¢s and early detection without technology because of visible symptoms. Breast Cancer rate has decreased thirty four percent since the 1990ââ¬â¢s. Breast cancer doesnââ¬â¢t just affect women but as well. .01% of men are diagnosed with breast cancer. BreastRead MoreSusan G. Komen For The Cure1157 Words à |à 5 PagesKomen for the Cure I. Attention Step: a. Attention getter: About 85% of breast cancers occur in women who have NO (make sure to emphasize) family history of breast cancer. This disease occurs mainly in women but men can also get it. b. Why should we care? According to (Bender, 2012) 40,000 women and approximately 390 men will die this year from breast cancer. Cancer does not discriminate; it could be someone you know. It could be you. c. d. According to breastcancer.org, Breast Cancer is the mostRead MoreBreast Cancer : A Dangerous Type Of Cancer1502 Words à |à 7 PagesMost people know breast cancer is a dangerous type of cancer that affects both men and women. Author Gayle Sulik of Pink Ribbon Blues: How Breast Cancer Culture Undermines Women s Health describes breast cancer as, ââ¬Å"abnormal cells [that] appear in the ducts (tubes that carry milk to the nipple) or the lobules (glands that make milk) and, more importantly, have the capacity to spread (metastasize)â⬠(164). Breast cancer can be treated with surgeries and chemotherapy, radiation, and hormonal therapiesRead MoreIdentifying Women With Dense Breasts At High Risk For Interval Cancer989 Words à |à 4 Pagesexplores two articles Identifying Women with Dense Breasts at High Risk for Interval Cancer (2015), how certain states have laws that the doctors need to tell the women if they have dense breast or not. If the women do have dense breast that they have to get supplemental imaging because when women do have dense breast they are at a higher risk of getting cancer. Also, Elevated Expression of HABP1 Is Correlated with Metastasis and Poor Survival in Breast Cancer Patients (2015), Hyaluronan-binding proteinRead MoreSpecial Occasion Speech819 Words à |à 4 Pagesï » ¿A True Hero Walking With Us Thank you for joining us today as the City of Mobile participates in the Race for the Cure Walk in celebration of October Cancer Awareness Month. This is a special occasion for many reasons but the most significant is that we have chosen as a community to make a difference and to show our own ability to be heroes. People define heroism in so many individualized ways and the world is full of heroes that make a significant impact and have admirable traits of all kindsRead MoreBreast Cancer : A Disease1737 Words à |à 7 PagesWyrick 1 Leah Wyrick Ms. Basinger AP Language and Composition 12 May 2017 Breast Cancer Breast cancer is a disease in which most commonly occurs in all women no matter their size, shape, race, or ethnicity. About one in eight women will be diagnosed with breast cancer every year, a fatal disease if not discovered early. Early detection of breast cancer is key so that cancerous cells found in the breast do not spread through other parts of the body. On a positive note, however, significant advancesRead MoreLeah Wyrick. Ms. Basinger. Ap Language And Composition.1685 Words à |à 7 PagesLeah Wyrick Ms. Basinger AP Language and Composition 12 May 2017 Breast Cancer Breast cancer is a disease in which most commonly occurs in all women no matter their size, shape, race, or ethnicity. About one in eight women will be diagnosed with breast cancer every year, a fatal disease if not discovered early. Early detection of breast cancer is key so that cancerous cells found in the breast do not spread through other parts of the body. On a positive note, however, significant advances have beenRead MoreBreast Cancer : The Most Common Type Of Cancer Among Women1592 Words à |à 7 Pages Every minute a woman dies of breast cancer. Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women. Every year, invasive breast cancer is diagnosed in 180,000 women alone. Doctors have not been able to find the cure yet, but they are not giving up. Thanks to nonprofit charities, such as the Susan G. Komen, researchers are receiving enough money that is donated to breast cancer to look deeper and try to find ways to cure and to help prevent such a fatal disease. Ità ¢â¬â¢s really important forRead MoreBreast Cancer : Cancer And Cancer1341 Words à |à 6 PagesWhat I chose to research on my cancer project was breast cancer, since breast cancer is one of the second deadliest cancers among women I felt like I should research into this topic more in-depth. Anyone, no matter male or female, we are born with some breast cells and tissue. Even though males do not develop milk-producing breasts, a man s breast cells and tissue can still develop cancer. Male breast cancer is very rare, yet more fatale because they are less likely to assume the lump is possibly Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04674728184265473390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2797303463044748530.post-91567798094108796972019-12-19T06:11:00.001-08:002019-12-19T06:11:04.500-08:00Causes And Effect Of Culture Shock - 1778 Words Moving from a place where you are so familiar with to the unknown is always a terrifying feeling we as humans could experience. It is a terrifying feeling because we get attached to the place that we come to know and love. Reason been we know our way around and are comfortable in our zone. As humans we always want to welcome change because it is part of life to take risks and come out of our comfort zone to experience new things. Sometimes it is a hard thing to do due to the fact we are close-minded and never ready for change. We fear what the outcome will be. Anxiety takes a toll and clouds up our thoughts and prevents us from seen that we can not always be attached to our comfort zone because one day things can change and we then will be force to enter the unknown. That is when culture shock occurs because culture shock can happen at any point in a personââ¬â¢s life. Whether it is moving from one country to another or a new school or even a new job. Adapting to new things is al ways the hardest thing when it comes to culture shock. With time things can fall into place and one can adjust to their new culture. There are times when the circumstances we are in force us to leave our culture behind to enter the unknown. ââ¬Å"We move to another culture or encounter people from an alien culture, where our views may clash with the different beliefs, norms, values and traditions that exist in those countries. We may have difficulty adjusting to a new culture and to those parts of theShow MoreRelatedCause and Effect of Cultural Shock Essay1133 Words à |à 5 PagesCAUSES AND EFFECTS OF CULTURAL SHOCK Kasie Sepeda Professor Scherf 11/19/2012 Outline I. What is Cultural Shock a. serious phenomenon and a long-winded process b. Real culture shock can happen in places you expect to be similar II. Effects of cultural shock a. Happen when you take a culture for granted. b. Can affect your job, family, etc. III. Causes of cultural shock a. Can cause mild uneasiness or temporary homesickness to acute unhappiness or even, in extremeRead MoreEmbracing The Shock Essay1692 Words à |à 7 Pages Final Paper: Embracing the Shock à à à The effects of earthquake aftershocks are unpredictable and can last for many years; the effects of culture shock happen to be the remarkably similar. Culture shock takes place when someone enters into an unfamiliar culture due to a vacation, humanitarian project, study abroad opportunity, etc. Barna (1976) explains culture shock as being a type of disease that many do not understand they have, yet it handicaps people and prevents them from knowing that theyRead MoreEssay about Culture Shock739 Words à |à 3 PagesPositive Effects of Culture Shock Positive Effects of Culture Shock Thesis Statement: There are many positive effects of culture shock, such as meeting new people, knowing about personality and increasing the knowledge. Body: 1. Meeting new people a. Public places b. Help to know about new country and culture 2. Knowing about personality a. Be independent b. Own abilities 3. Increasing the knowledge a. New culture, history b. Second language Read MoreCulture Shock And Its Effects On Society1004 Words à |à 5 Pagesincreasing the recent years in every culture or country. Millions of students have to face the overwhelming challenge of living thousands miles away home and adapting to their new environment without disregarding their studies. Sojourners have to face adapting to a new culture, so they will deal with the ââ¬Å"Culture Shockâ⬠. This phenomenon affects every kind of travellers from tourists to immigrants, so international students are not the exception of this. Culture shock is defined as the process of adjustmentRead MoreCultural Shock Essay1234 Words à |à 5 PagesCultural shock is the reaction to cultural differences after moving to a foreign country. It can be triggered by differences in food, social customs, and language. The four phases of cultural shock are the honeymoon, rejection, regression, and adjustment phases (Levine). The honeymoon phase is characterized by an excitement for new surroun dings. During the rejection phase, frustration replaces the excitement; inconvenient cultural differences become more noticeable, and adjustment is difficult. TheRead MoreCulture Shock And Cultural Adaptation1402 Words à |à 6 PagesCulture shock is generally describes the uneasiness, stress as well as anxiety an individual feels when they encounter an unfamiliar cultural background, as a result of loosing familiar cues along with meanings associated with behavior and communication. Culture shock is thus an experience that happens to a person in every sphere of life when they face different lifestyles and world perceptions whether with regards to education, health or jobs among others. While residents or natives may take forRead MoreHow to Cope with Culture Shock1298 Words à |à 6 PagesHow to Cope with Culture Shock | | | | | | * Front Page * What is h2g2? * Who s Online * Write an Entry * Browse * Announcements * Feedback * h2g2 Help * RSS Feeds | | | | | | | | Contact Us Like this page? Send it to a friend! à | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | In today s global economy, where major firms have branches in most areas of the world, many more people than ever before contemplateà living in anotherRead MoreChina s Lost Girls Culture Shock1480 Words à |à 6 PagesChinaââ¬â¢s Lost Girls Culture Shock/ pg.35- the disorientation that people experience when they come in contact with a fundamentally different culture and no longer depend on their taken-for-granted assumptions about life. The main idea of this film was to document the adoption process and show how terrible life can be for girls in China. It highlighted how amazing it can be when a child is adopted into a better life. However, it does not show the downsides that could occur due to this process. OneRead MoreIntroduction. In Contemporary Society, The Boost Number1269 Words à |à 6 Pageslanguage courses for international students who are not native-tongue. However, many students are not using the foreign languages fluently yet. If international students want a perfect comprehension of the target language, understanding of the new culture can be one of the most compelling factors. Cultural exchange will allow them to understand the signification of language. Background Firstly, if we want to know that cultural exchange plays an important role of in the tongue learning, we would haveRead MoreIntelligence Between Intelligence And Culture1730 Words à |à 7 PagesThere is a relationship between intelligence and culture because intelligence is culturally shaped and defined and some cultures support and identify it as very vital in the context of social and ecological aspects. In the early years, there was a bias towards intelligence tests because they used English language and culture. The formation of Wesler Adult Intelligence Scale, Fourth Addition (WAIS,IV) in 2008 by David Wesler was meant to minimise the bias. According to Westen, Burton and Kowalski Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04674728184265473390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2797303463044748530.post-85959574334188622052019-12-11T02:54:00.001-08:002019-12-11T02:54:02.866-08:00Seek and You Shall Find, Neglect and You Will Lose Them free essay sample I strongly believe that people know the difference between the good and the bad, and it simply tells me that good is in everyone of us, itââ¬â¢s just that sometimes we tend to take the wrong path. I agree to disagree with what he said. Although, sometimes, good comes with the bad. But I think that bad things happen just so we could see what good is. Maybe that is why he said ââ¬Å"Seek and you will findââ¬â¢. Our life is full of question about the unknown, and we just couldnââ¬â¢t stop ourselves looking for ââ¬Å"Itâ⬠, the thing that we know is good, and will make us better. Whether it be Goals, Dreams, Love, Nirvana, or even just material things. Cos we know that if we have it, it will make us better. That is why we give our all. People look for things that they donââ¬â¢t know, just for the sake of holding on to something. We will write a custom essay sample on Seek and You Shall Find, Neglect and You Will Lose Them or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Like a belief, even if we know that we might not know, and we donââ¬â¢t even know if itââ¬â¢s real or not. We would still look for it, No matter what. Just like Francois Rabelaisââ¬â¢ (A great Renaissance French writer) last words, ââ¬Å"I Go to seek a Great Perhapsâ⬠. When he said ââ¬Å"Seekâ⬠, it means a quest. People always go after something, even if itââ¬â¢s just nothing. We always go out and look to see what we can find. And ââ¬Å"The Great Perhapsâ⬠, is something about dying. I know itââ¬â¢s kind of cynical to say that itââ¬â¢s about dying. But I think ââ¬Å"The great perhapsââ¬â¢ is heaven. And that it is Just a perhaps! We donââ¬â¢t really know if there is one. I Guess, what Mencius meant about the word ââ¬Å"Seekâ⬠is Adventure. And in laymanââ¬â¢s term, Adventure is an exciting or remarkable experience. Which I think what Mencius wants us to have, an Adventure. And if we donââ¬â¢t look for it, otherwise, we will never know whatââ¬â¢s behind of it all. We will never know the way out of the Labyrinth. We, therefore lose what we have neglected. We havenââ¬â¢t even looked for it in the first Place. I Guess, thatââ¬â¢s what life is all about. Itââ¬â¢s about having Dreams, Love, Goals, Happiness. Itââ¬â¢s about wanting something and holding on to it. Itââ¬â¢s about having things and losing it, like Love lost and found, Living and dying, all those Cliches. And that, makes Lifeâ⬠¦ Worth Living. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04674728184265473390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2797303463044748530.post-26542852065005496092019-12-03T14:35:00.001-08:002019-12-03T14:35:04.505-08:00Robert Browning Essays - Elizabeth Barrett Browning, Robert Browning Robert Browning Robert Browning, one of the most talented poets of the Victorian period, is famous especially for his dramatic monologues. Often these long poems deal with such issues as love, death, and faith. Much of his work is directly reflective of his life and of those issues that were of direct concern to him. One conflict seen throughout Browning's poetry is one of spirituality. His poetry forms a spiritual timeline; it reveals his spiritual influences and opinions. It formed his own Bible of beliefs which he possessed. Because Browning's views on spirituality changed, his poetry also gives insight on the internal conflicts within his life. The paper will explore Robert Browning's spiritual journey as is reflective in his poetry. Robert Browning was born in Camberwell, near London, England on May 7, 1812. He was raised by his father, also Robert Browning, and by his deeply religious mother, Sarah Anna Weideman-Browning. His often indulgent parents gave him the freedom to explore new literary and philosophical ideas of the time period, yet he was also instructed to believe the unexplained mysteries of the Christian faith(Miller, 1953). His mother, who had strong ties to the congregational church, took great time to instruct Robert in his religious studies. With this open atmosphere, however, Browning exhibited signs of disinterest in religion during his early childhood. The town preacher, in fact , found it necessary to publicly scold "for restlessness and inattention Master Robert Browning"(as cited in,Miller, 1953, p.9). Robert Browning's tendency toward skepticism was recorded early on. Robert Browning's first deviation from his faith was at the age of fifteen or sixteen. His primary influences were the Flower family and the writing of P.B Shelley. Browning often traveled to the Flower's house to discuss music, poetry, and aethism (Irvine & Honan, 1974). Eliza Flower , with whom Browning was infatuated was an influence in Browning's aethism. She was one of the primar y influences that turned Browning away from the Christianity of his mother. His other influence, the writing of Shelley, a known aethist, taught Browning to be an independent free thinker. After reading Shelley's book, Queen Mab , Browning became an aethist and a vegetarian(DeVane & Smalley, 1984). He rejected his mother's world to gain a sense of liberty and independence(Irvine & Honan, 1974). This faith change at such an early age seemed to lead to a continual spiritual inconsistency throughout his life. Browning had trouble accepting any faith or religion he chose to follow and often questioned his judgment in faith related decisions. Robert Browning considered Shelley to be moral because he was "true, simple hearted and brave"(cited in Payne, 1967, p.198). He found him to also be a man of religious mind because Shelley was "everywhere taking for granted some of the capital dogmas of Christianity, while most vehemently denying their historical basement" (cited in Payne, 1967, p.1 99). Browning clearly possessed a great respect for Shelley which followed him through much of his early poetry. Browning's life was "fundamentally affected"(Miller, 1953, p.9) by the Shelley's writing. During his adolescence, Browning may have recognized Shelley's, "fearless spiritual independence"(Miller, 1953, p.9). He noticed a "principal of conduct whereby to measure in the years to come not only the sum of his own poetic achievement but the very nature of human integrity itself"(Miller, 1953, p.9). Although there is no available poetry written before his first published work, Pauline, his early aethism is still reflected in his early poetry. Robert Browning eloped to Italy with Elizabeth Barret. Upon meeting his extremely religious wife and with her persuasion, Browning began to realize that Shelley's poetry had led him to a life of self- absorption. Yet, "Robert took a skeptical attitude on the spiritual rappings, spurred on perhaps by his wife's immediate will to believe"(Ma rkus,1995, p.219). Eventually, though, Robert Browning made the decision to return to his Christian faith, perhaps due to his respect for his deeply religious mother or to the persuasion by his spiritually inclined wife. It is said that Elizabeth, Browning's wife, believed that "spiritualism offered an alternative to melancholy: an assurance reinforcing faith"(Miller, 1953, p.192). Browning, however was often skeptical of his wife's spiritualism. Despite this, Pauline reveals a return to God, but also displays an Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04674728184265473390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2797303463044748530.post-43851391226751906542019-11-27T15:57:00.001-08:002019-11-27T15:57:04.662-08:00The Day Of The Dead Essays - Mexican Culture, Mexican Art, Halloween The Day Of The Dead Day of the Dead Imagine yourself in a cemetery, commemorating your great-grandpa. Dia De Los Muertos (The Day of the Dead) is celebrated in Mexico on November 2nd. The Day of the Dead is one of Mexico's traditional holidays reuniting and honoring beloved ancestors, family, and friends. To begin, the historical roots of this celebration date back to the pre-Hispanic cultures of Meso-America of the indigenous people, especially the Nahua (Aztecs, Mayans, Toltecas, Tlaxcaltec, Chichimec, Tecpanec) and others native to Mexico more than 3,000 years ago. Life was seen as a dream. It was believed that only in dying, a human being was truly awake. Death was not a mysterious and fearful presence but a realistic recognizable character as much a part of life as life itself. When Christianity was introduced in the 16th century, religion and its symbols became part of the altars we now find in Mexico today. November 1st, All Saints Day, is when the spirits of the children, called los angelitos (little angels), are expected to return. Traditionally, it is a time when family members share memorable stories that would commemorate their lives together. Secondly, there are many items that people do to celebrate the Day of the Dead. On November 2, family members clean and perhaps paint the headstones, arrange flowers, and lighting candles. Mexican families construct special home altars dedicated to the spirits of their deceased loved ones. The altars range from simple to the very elaborate and are usually filled with objects that provided pleasure to the departed person in life, including favorite food and drink. Altars dedicated to the spirits of deceased children often include toys, candy and other sweets. I think that building alters for the dead is a good concept. They teach the younger generations about the past, as well as commemorate the dead. No matter what kind of a person was, everyone leaves behind a legend. Some books, for example, are biographies, praising and telling about a person in the past or present. Like a book, the alters tell the history of a person. The alters tell a ?story? of the dead individual. Alters tell the age, their likes, and many other interesting facts about the dead individual's life. I think that these alters compensate the work of an earlier generation. The altars or ofrendas as they are called, also usually contain objects made from sugar or sugar sculpture known as alfenique. These objects may be small animals, such as lambs, miniature plates of food (enchiladas with mole), small coffins, often with pop-up skeletons, and of course, the sugar skull or calavera. The skulls are made by pouring a mixture of boiling water, confectioner's sugar and lime into clay molds, which have been previously soaked in water. The calaveras are decorated with paper foil for eyes and a kind of colored icing for hair. Names can be added to the skull and Mexican children often exchange named skulls with their friends. I think that the skeleton represents the spirit still living after it has left it's flesh on this earth. The spirit of an individual lives on forever. Ofrendas often include papel picado or Mexican cut-paper. Papel picado has a long folk tradition in Mexico and the little town of San Salvador Huixcolotla, in the state of Puebla, is known for its fine cut paper. Although papel picado is used as a decoration for many festive occasions such as weddings and baptisms, papel picado with themes relating to Day of the Dead is also very popular. The Mexican papel picado is similar to origami. Although origami is folded, it too has spiritual meaning. In conclusion, I think that Dias De Los Muertos is important for the family to maintain good relationships with the dead for it is they who intercede and bring food fortune to the living. It is a time to come to terms with our mortality and become aware of cycle of life and death. The Day of the Dead is a day for honoring are beloved ones. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04674728184265473390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2797303463044748530.post-90393545503774007102019-11-23T23:32:00.001-08:002019-11-23T23:32:05.332-08:00Refugees essaysRefugees essays Good morning everyone. Front-page news: political decisions, humanitarian aid and asylum. These events are taking place in many parts of the world and are about refugees. Why are there so many refugees? What are the different views on the subject? Who will help them? Will you? Australia defines a refugee as a person who fears persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion, is outside the country of his/her nationality and is unable, or owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail himself/herself of the protection of that country. Last year fourteen and a half million people sought refuge. Afghanistan is a country with a large number of refugees. As we all would know now, America is bombing Afghanistan because of terrorism and its Taliban regime. Afghanistan is a very poor, war torn country that is subject to severe drought. For this reason people left their homes in search of food. Africa is a continent that has suffered the world's most invasive violence during 2000 and in early 2001. Nearly 3 million Africans became new refugees or were newly displaced within their own countries during 2000. Reasons for this great number of refugees include war, repression, civil unrest, and politically induced humanitarian emergencies. Other countries with a large number of refugees include Columbia, Sudan, Sierra Leone, Indonesia, Eritrea, Ethiopia, The Balkans, Chechnya and Liberia. The cause of this problem includes war, corrupt governments, civil unrest and poverty. For these reasons the people of these countries need to find protection and basic needs to survive. The refugee crisis in Australia has caused much debate. The viewpoints on the issue include, supporting the government that dont want illegal immigration or taking the humanitarian view that we should let the boat people come to Australia. The government does not w ... Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04674728184265473390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2797303463044748530.post-72141691054812992582019-11-21T06:05:00.001-08:002019-11-21T06:05:04.158-08:00Change in Employee Relations in United Kingdom EssayChange in Employee Relations in United Kingdom - Essay Example Majority of the employees give preference to work in a better work atmosphere than working in a poor work atmosphere with higher pay. Globalization and other changes that took place in the world caused a drastic change in the employee relation. Huge difference can be seen in between the present form of employee relation and traditional way of employee relation. This paper makes an attempt to evaluate the changes in the employee relation in last 30 years and its importance in the future developments in the context of United Kingdom. Though there may be some variations in employee relation or industrial relations practices in various countries, changes are taking place in various countries in almost similar manner. Decades back, each country may have its own industrial practice, but now due to globalization and advancement of technology majority of the countries' employee relation practices are more or less similar. Today the industrial relation is very important and a widely discussed subject and has a great significance in the growth of industries. The terms labour relation and industrial relation are interchangeably used (Bean, 1994). A good industrial relation has a significant role in the success of any kind of business. Appalachian State University defines employee relations as "it involves the body of work concerned with maintaining employer-employee relationships that contribute to satisfactory productivity, motivation, and morale" (Staff-employee relations, n. d.). Disputes are common at work places. If there is a better labour relation this disputes can be minimized. If the employer is interacting with the employees in a better way it can increase the loyalty of the employees, thereby increasing the productivity of the organisation. Overview of different issues of employee relation Here are different issues related to the employee relation that requires detailed discussion and is always a topic of debate for the experts in this field. Some of the issues are employee grievances, employee wellness, employee compensation, employee discrimination, employee promotion...etc. The management especially human resource management team should be efficient enough to maintain an efficient employee relation in an organisation. 1. Employee grievances handling: Employee grievances are common at work place. If the management t failed properly solves the grievances of employee s o it may cause serious problems to the organization including losing of efficient employees. Employees would not be ready to work in organization where their grievances are not properly solved. There are no industrial concerns which are working smoothly at all times. In some concern employee have complaints against employers. In some other cases employers may have complaints against employees. This is happening mainly due to lack of better employee relation. These grievances may be real, imaginary, valid, invalid, genuine, not genuine etc. Generally speaking complaints affecting one or more employees may be treated as grievances. Grievance is a feeling of discontent or dissatisfaction among workers regarding anything concerned with the company (Som, n. d.). Causes of grievances: There may be variety of reasons for grievance. Some of them are explained below. a. Difference in opinion: The management and Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04674728184265473390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2797303463044748530.post-32891455654213896782019-11-20T05:39:00.001-08:002019-11-20T05:39:04.706-08:00Issues That Lead to the Recession Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 wordsIssues That Lead to the Recession - Term Paper Example What are the correct investments in a recession and the revised policies and procedures put into operation by the government to combat recession. Thirdly, this report will discuss the impact of the recession and the lessons learnt from it. Definition of Recession ââ¬Å"The NBER does not define a recession in terms of two consecutive quarters of decline in real GDP. Rather, a recession is a significant decline in economic activity spread across the economy, lasting more than a few months, normally visible in real GDP, real income, employment, industrial production, and wholesale-retail sales.â⬠(Businessâ⬠¦.) ââ¬Å"A significant decline in activity across the economy, lasting longer than a few months. It is visible in industrial production, employment, real income and wholesale-retail trade. ... With the steep rise in the unemployment levels, the government is obliged to extend unemployment benefits to a wider section of the society. Higher borrowing leads to higher taxes and additional interest payments in the future. As shares turn unattractive, the prices begin to dip. Lower profitability and lower dividends create a depressive mood for the investors and they look out for alternative sources of investment. The fall in share prices continues in anticipation of recessionary trends prolonging. But this is only the initial phase. When recession is at its hardest phase, the developments take a strange turn. In anticipation of economic recovery, share prices begin to recover, as the prudent investor calculates that it is the favorable time to invest from the point of view of long term gains. Falling prices of shares may be due to various other factors as well, not alone recession. The normal reaction to recession is that it should result in a lower inflation rate. The highlight of recession is it reduces demand and wage inflation. The issue to be examined is what economic factors impact the recession hard. The current recession is due to rise in oil prices. The expert opinion about this inflation is, it is bound to reduce demand, will result in price wars, as the firms will make all-out efforts to retain consumers. The scenario of falling investments takes volatile shape and hampers economic growth. The vicious circle begins. The slowdown in the growth rate, with the economy expanding with a slower pace, may result in substantial fall in investment. Fall in employment opportunities is the most feared factor during recession. The demand for labor takes a down turn. Not all sectors are impacted hard in equal measure Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04674728184265473390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2797303463044748530.post-16582793343572349852019-11-17T18:10:00.001-08:002019-11-17T18:10:05.826-08:00A Better Way to Keep the Net Open and Accessible Research ProposalA Better Way to Keep the Net Open and Accessible - Research Proposal Example Customers are different, and so are their demands. As the Internet is becoming a commonplace instrument of communication, many of them also want to use chats and web messenger interfaces to contact potential suppliers. More often than not, it is the quality of communication and sales support that guides customers in their purchasing decisions. One morning, this manager notices that access to web interfaces and chat applications was blocked by the Internet provider, on the premise that they may threaten the safety of the online environment. In the meantime, the Internet provider also provides a list of chat and web interfaces to be used by the manager. Does it benefit the sales manager and the organization, for which he works? Certainly, it does not. It is the same as being unable to watch YouTube videos and using Facebook and other social networks to talk to people from all over the world. Network neutrality guarantees that Internet providers cannot use their advantageous position to discriminate against individual rights and freedoms of online users.à à Customers are different, and so are their demands. As the Internet is becoming a commonplace instrument of communication, many of them also want to use chats and web messenger interfaces to contact potential suppliers. More often than not, it is the quality of communication and sales support that guides customers in their purchasing decisions. One morning, this manager notices that access to web interfaces and chat applications was blocked by the Internet provider, on the premise that they may threaten the safety of the online environment. In the meantime, the Internet provider also provides a list of chat and web interfaces to be used by the manager. Does it benefit the sales manager and the organization, for which he works? Certainly, it does not. It is the same as being unable to watch YouTube videos and using Facebook and other social networks to talk to people from all over the world. Network neutralit y guarantees that Internet providers cannot use their advantageous position to discriminate against individual rights and freedoms of online users.à à Network neutrality is essential to freedom and openness in the networked world. In other words, network neutrality guarantees that all web resources are available for users, irrespective of whether Internet providers benefit or lose from making these web resources available and accessible. This makes sense because, on the one hand, online users need freedom in accessing and using information and, on the other hand, only network neutrality can guarantee fair competition in the online world. Imagine a situation, when online providers block access to online newspapers and magazines, merely because these newspapers and magazines do not pay a share of their profits to Internet providers. Frustrated and lost, these users find themselves in a mist of unawareness. They do not read the news; they do not know about political and economic c hanges in the world. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04674728184265473390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2797303463044748530.post-62951380546637622712019-11-15T06:42:00.001-08:002019-11-15T06:42:05.065-08:00Gender representation in contemporary superhero filmsGender representation in contemporary superhero films RESEARCH PROPOSAL Gender representation in contemporary superhero films Research Question How gender representation is portrayed in the contemporary Marvel superhero films? Overview of the Study This project will be evaluating how gender representation portrayed in 21st century Marvel superhero films. This research will concentrate on using Marvelââ¬â¢s The Avenger (dir. Josh Whedon, 2012) which is the assemblage of all contemporary Marvelsââ¬â¢ superhero made after Ironman since 2008. Thompson (1999) and Bordwell (2006) both argued that Hollywood films often emphasize on character traits. Contemporary Hollywood filmmaking tends to draw on certain gender representational pattern of superhero is first and foremost a man. Therefore textual analysis will be used to analyze how masculinity and femininity values are constructed among the main characters in the film. Aim Objectives The aim of this study is to evaluate how gender representation portrayed in 21st century Marvel superhero films. The objective of this study is to analyze how masculinity and femininity values are constructed among the main characters in 21st century Marvel superhero films. Literature Review In the past seven years, majority number of blockbuster superhero action adventure films such as Batman, X-Men, Fantastic Four, Spiderman, Hellboy 1 and 2, Hulk, Ironman, and a host of other ââ¬Å"menâ⬠have flown, stomped, fallen, and swung across screens in these Hollywood blockbusters (Stabile, 2009). In fact, Gray Kaklamanidou (2011) describes superhero as someone usually possesses a combination of mental and physical strength more than ordinary human being that fight against evil who will succeeds against all odds. These superhero characters are basically adapted from comic books. The characters in the film are presented in stereotypical manner such as either present male heroes and female damsels such as Superman Returns (2006), the Spider-Man films (2002, 2004, 2007) or else allow for a few female superheroes as part of a male-run-crime-fighting collective, as in X-Men Films (2000, 2003, 2006), and the Fantastic Four franchise (2005, 2007). Gallagher (2006) described masculinity as a product in our culture; the action film has historically been a ââ¬Ëmaleââ¬â¢ genre, dealing with stories of male heroism and women as peripheral princesses. However these attributes and behaviors tend to shift over time and are constantly under negotiation in the film. Furthermore as Benshoff Griffin (2009) argued that although there are slight variations can be found in countless Hollywood films, the way of cinematically telling stories is basically the same today as it was in the 1930s. Classical Hollywood style is always formulated to spoon-feed story information to the spectator, thus keeping everything clearly understood by the audience. For instance, Thompson (1999) and Bordwell (2006) both argued that Hollywood films often emphasize on character traits. Contemporary Hollywood filmmaking tends to draw on certain gender representational pattern of superhero is first and foremost a man. Besides, the superhero is an American crea tion, born on the eve of World War II (Gray Kaklamanidou, 2011). Therefore the role of superhero is always associated with typical masculinity traits while the characters in superhero film are portrayed in stereotypical manners. Interestingly, over the past few decades, various male-dominated Hollywood genres have been adapted for female leads. Benshoff Griffin (2009) explained that the science fiction action-adventure film has also produced some strong female leads, played most notably by Sigourney Weaver in the Alien Films (1979, 1986, 1992, 1997) as well as Jovovichââ¬â¢s Alice in the Resident Evil film franchise (2002, 2004, 2007) has become the most financially successful female action character of the era. However, mainstream Hollywood entertainment still negotiates gender in ways that uphold and maintain patriarchal privilege (Cohan Hark, 1993). The nostalgic Hollywood blockbuster formula, with its stalwart male heroes, continues to drive the industry. Another way of looking at the gender representation in superhero film is that, Hollywood filmmaking tends to exploit sexy male bodies in action while female action adventure heroes with objectified sex appeal. As Benshoff Griffin (2009) argued tha t although more and more women are entering the Hollywood industry, the sexual objectification of female bodies tends to surround on the female lead while men tend to dominate the main role in superhero film. Methodology Given the exploratory nature of this study is to evaluate gender representation portrayed in 21st century Marvel superhero films; it is proposed qualitative research method of textual analysis will be used to analyse the text in contemporary Marvelââ¬â¢s superhero films. Textual analysis in fact is research method of trying to learn something about people by examining the content, structure, and functions of the messages contained in texts (Frey et al., 1999). In other words, textual analysis may use to describe and interpret the characteristics such as behavioral patterns, values and attitudes of a recorded or visual message. Marvelââ¬â¢s The Avenger (dir. Josh Whedon, 2012) will be selected to evaluate how masculinity and femininity values are constructed among the main characters. In fact, Marvelââ¬â¢s The Avenger is the assemblage of all contemporary Marvelsââ¬â¢ superhero made after Ironman since 2008 (Marvel, 2012). This film basically consists of four main characters of Marvelââ¬â¢s superhero that are Iron Man, Captain America, the Hulk and Thor. Furthermore, the film also features with other existing S.H.I.E.L.D agent Hawkeye and Blackwidow. Likewise, analyzing the text in the Marvelââ¬â¢s The Avenger provides the researcher the opportunities to study a few series of contemporary superhero film simultaneously. Indeed, textual analysis consists of both strengths and weaknesses in analysing the gender representation in the film. According to Larsen (1991), textual analysis is able to bring out whole range of possible meaning in the film content. It is also a preferred method for identifying such latent meaning and a powerful tool for researchers who seek to produce theoretically valid interpretations of the targeted text. However, textual analysis required an extremely close reading on the specific text (Frey et al., 1999). It is time consuming and has high maintenance need which the researcher is requires to set up the rules, such as coding. In fact, content analysis according to Weare Lin (2000) is able to determine the presence written and spoken communication or concepts within texts. However, it is obtrusive and a purely descriptive method which it unable to reveal underlying motives for the observed pattern (what but not why). Therefore as the objective of this study is to analyse the gender representation and characters role played in the contemporary Marvelââ¬â¢s superhero films, the purpose of using textual analysis in this study is thus able to provide in-depth understanding on the text. Marvelââ¬â¢s The Avenger In fact, Marvelââ¬â¢s The Avengers is a 2012 American Hollywood film produced by Marvel studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. In fact, it is featuring with iconic Marvel super heroes Iron Man, the Incredible Hulk, Thor, Captain America, Hawkeye and Black Widow. Marvelââ¬â¢s The Avenger has been ranked as the third highest grossing film in worldwide. However it is interesting that 7 out of 8 leading are male while the only female lead is Scarlett Johansson who plays the role as Black Widow. Marvel Studios has released nine films since 2008 within the Marvel Cinematic Universe: Iron Man (2008), The Incredible Hulk (2008), Iron Man 2 (2010), Thor (2011), Captain America: The First Avenger (2011), Marvels The Avengers (2012), Iron Man 3 (2013), Thor: The Dark World (2013) and Captain America: The Winter Soldier (2014) (Marvel, 2014). Significant of study Superhero film is relatively one of the latest development trends in Hollywood film (Gray Kaklamanidou, 2011). However, there has been no much academic research made on superhero movie. It is believe that the increasing number of these films requires an in-depth academic study on the concept of superhero in this globalized society that is emphasize on gender equality. As Ryan Kellner (1990) argued that the representation of certain characters can work towards explaining the political social landscape the current time. It would be interesting to find out how men and women in these movies are represented: how different characters are portrayed, using typically feminine and masculine traits. Therefore this study will contribute to the future research and literature related to gender in action and superhero film. Timeline of research Conclusion This project will be evaluating how gender representation portrayed in 21st century Marvel superhero films by using Marvelââ¬â¢s The Avenger. Textual analysis is because it able to provide in-depth understanding and analysis on the gender representation and characters role played in the film. While the number of superhero is increase, this study serves as a fundamental literature thus able contributes to the future research on gender in action and superhero film. Bibliography References BENSHOFF, H. M, GRIFFIN, S. (2009) America on film: Representing race, class, gender and sexuality at the movies, Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Ltd. BORDWELL, Da. (2006) The way Hollywood tells it: Story and style in modern movies. Berkeley: University of California Press. CODELL, J. L. (2007) Genre, gender, race and world cinema: An anthology, Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Ltd. COHAN, S., HARK, I. R. (1993) Screening the male: Exploring masculinities in Hollywood cinema, London: Routledge. FREY, L., BOTAN, C., KREPS, G. (1999) Investigating communication: An introduction to research methods. (2nd eds.) Boston: Allyn Bacon. GALLAGHER, M. (2006) Action figures: Men, action films, and contemporary adventure narratives, New York: McMillan. GRAYLAND, R., KAKLAMANIDOU, B. (2011) The 21st Century Superhero: Essays on Gender, Genre and Globalization in Film. North Carolina: McFarland. KING, N. (2008) Generic womanhood: Gendered depictions in cop action cinema, Journal of Gender Society, 22, 238-258 [online] Available from: www.swetwise.com [Accessed 9 July, 2014] LARSEN, P. (1991) Textual analysis of à ¬Ã ctional media content, In J. Vercshueren, J. O. Ostman, J. Blommaert (Eds.), A handbook of qualitative methodologies for mass communication research (pp. 121ââ¬â134). New York, NY: Routledge. Painter, C. Ferucci, Patrik MARVELââ¬â¢S THE AVENGER. (2012) [Film] Directed by Joss Whedon. California: Marvel Studios. MILLER, K. (2005) Communications theories: perspectives, processes, and contexts. New York: McGraw-Hill. STABILE, C. A. (2009) Sweetheart, This ainââ¬â¢t gender studies: Sexism and superheroes, Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies, 6:1, 86-92 [online] Available from: www.swetwise.com [Accessed 11 July, 2014] THOMPSON, K. (1999) Storytelling in the new Hollywood: Understanding classical narrative technique. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. WEARE, C., LIN, W. Y. (2000) Content analysis of the World Wide Web: Opportunities and challenges, Social Science Computer Review, 18:3, 272-292. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04674728184265473390noreply@blogger.com0